Earthernware of Assam
History
In Assam, there are two communities of potters, Hira and Kumar. The Hiras manufacture household articles, using the compression method while the kumars use the potters wheel and make images for worship, clay dolls & toys.
Techniques Used
The clay, mixed with ash and sand is kneaded by feet. Then it is kneaded with hand on peeda & a lump is made. All the solid particles like gravel, small pebbles, twigs etc. are removed. The ready clay is kept on wheel to make various forms. A potters wheel has soft spokes, turns on a pivot of hard wood or metal and is provided with a large hub, which acts as revolving table. A vertical stick is inserted in the hole in the rim. The potter throws the kneaded clay into the centre of the wheel and spins the wheel around with a stick. Due to the centrifugal force the lump of clay is pulled outwards & upwards and shaped into a vessel. This is pulled out with a string, dried and fired in a potters kiln. Clay article after firing turns to hard earthenware products.
Design & Styles
Kamrup in West Assam has long been proficient in the terracotta craft, which includes clay tiles. Asharkandi, a village in Goalpara District is famous for its graceful clay dolls. Goalpara produces a startling range of votive terracotta figures, ritual & secular utility objects also.
Common Materials Used
Various types of Mitti (clay/mud), edible gum, starch, clay, wax
Popular Products
Vessel for storing grains, water pots, chaupatia , vessel for churning curd handi, surahi, pots, Images of gods & goddesses, dolls & toys.
